Cosmology theory does on occasion seem to be strange – or even stranger. It is, however, resistant to critique from outside the astrophysical world. Still, there are strange anomalies out there other than human imagination. At https://phys.org/news/2024-08-scientists-phenomenon-impacting-earth-belts.html … scientists discover phenomena is impacting Earth’s radiation belts. An electromagnetic wave seems to carry a substantial amount of lightning energy to the Earth’s magnetosphere. Are they talking about an electric current? The wave carries lightning energy – which does seem to be a reference to a high electric component of the electromagnetic theatre. The wave enters the ionosphere at low latitudes and then climbs to the magnetosphere. The energy is reflected, or carried, upwards, by the ionosphere’s lower boundary at about 55 miles in altitude. Two Van Allen radiation belt probes, or satellites in common speak, flew through the magnetosphere in order to witness what was happening.
Earth’s magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding the planet and is created by Earth’s magnetic field, it is thought. The ionosphere is a layer in Earth’s upper atmosphere characterised by a high concentration of ions and free electrons. It is a protective barrier that prevents most of the solar wind’s particles from reaching the lower atmosphere. So, two protective sheafs shield the Earth – the ionosphere, and further out, the magnetosphere.
At https://phys.org/news/2024-08-geophysicists-link-seismic-pkp-precursors.html … seismic signals known as PKP precursors are a challenge to science, it would seem. Precursors – forewarning of the seismic event about to kick off. Regions in Earth’s lower Mantle are thought to sctter incoming seismic waves – which return to the surface as PKP waves. Earth Lights perhaps? We do not know what they are, we are told, but they seem to accumulate underneath hotspot volcanoes. Or that is what has been looked at. For example, these plumes, or hot spots, are responsible for the volcanism observed at Yellowstone, on the Hawaiian islands, Samoa, Iceland, and the Galapagos etc. In contrast, earth lights are common along fault lines – even in Wales, as an example.
At https://www.sciencealert.com/the-biggest-crisis-in-cosmology-could-finally-have-a-solution … which is written by folks with an optimistic attitude. The problem surrounds the expansion speed of the universe. New measurements taken by the James Webb Space Telescope are said to suggest the local universe is zooming away at a rate of around 70 km per second per mageparsec. Apparently, mainstream cosmology can take a breather as it seems to be able to remain intact – for the time being.
At https://phys.org/news/2024-09-cosmology-verge-physics.html … which isn’t convinced. We are told cosmology is at a tipping point. Which way will the seesaw swing? We may, we are told, be on the verge of discovering new physics. The standard cosmological model, currently, is that the universe is made up of 68.3% dark energy [an unknown substance] and 26.8% dark matter -also an unknown form of matter] with just 4.9% of ordinary atomes. This was measured via the cosmic microwave background – the afterglow of radiation following Big Bang. What could go wrong?