An interesting insight into how scientists sometimes think at http://phys.org/print345994897.html
It concerns dust in galaxies such as the Milky Way as a result of an infra-red telescope aboard a modified Boeing 747 – what a brilliant breath of fresh life to a great aeroplane. Dust is thought to be a building block of stars and planets but where did it all come from? A paper in Science Express (www.sciencemag.org) says that observations 'strongly reinforce' the theory that supernovae are producing dust even in the galaxies of the early universe. Where does that idea come from? Well, dust in old galaxies, from billions of years ago, should mostly have dispersed – but there is still a lot of it out there. Therefore, pockets of dust seen in modern telescopes should have a different origin, and must have an origin different to the primordial dust – which is where supernovae are used to explain it away.
Water on Mars.
Current thinking is gullies on Mars and water flowing as recently as 500,000 years ago, a short distance away in the immensity of the uniformitarian time-scale, us set out at http://phys.org/print345968486.html … in a sober and matter of fact manner – lacking hype. Well worth a read.