At http://westerndigs.org/long-hidden-sites-discovered-in-the-southwest-may… … the Apache tribes were thought to be relatively recent arrivals to Arizona and New Mexico but it looks like they were there for a long time according to archaeologists – at least as early as the 14th century. This is of course the beginning of the Little Ice Age (and the time of the Black Death in other parts of the world) so we might imagine they migrated into the region as a result of changing weather patterns. The argument appears in the Journal of Field Archaeology and revolves around the Apache habit of caching goods in caves – such as pottery, basketware, and food. The Apache were semi nomadic in life style and were successful as raiders on neighbouring tribes, and foraging excursions in areas controlled by other native tribes.
At http://westerndigs.org/plains-indian-fortress-with-moat-underground-apar… … is a discovery from the southern plains of a 250 year old fortress built by the Teovaya, a tribe of the Wichita people, that was destroyed (and recorded) by Spanish colonists in the region (Texas). It was constructed in a defendable position on the banks of the Red River, in Oklahoma (near the border with Texas) and the Spanish stormed it after the Teowaya raided a mission in 1758 – but the fort was constructed to deter native tribesmen, including the troublesome Apache and the Osage.