At https://phys.org/news/2021-11-solar-eruptions.html … new research into magnetic fields which form inside the Sun and cause violent eruptions. The idea is to predict solar flares. Mathematicians and astrophysicists from the UK and Italy have modelled the emergence of twisted magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere, and verified their models with observations. This is hailed as a breakthrough. The research is published in Nature Communications [November 2021]. However, the origin of the twisted magnetic fields are not solved, they say. The title of the research paper is 'Direct evidence that twisted flux tube emergence creates solar active regions.'
Tall Bloke has picked up on the earth flipping over on its side during the Late Cretaceous era. See https://tallbloke.wordpress.com/2021/11/14/earth-tipped-on-its-side-84-m… … but see also www.sciencealert.com/there-s-evidence-that-earth-tipped-on-its-side-84-m… … Researchers looking at limestone in Italy dating back to the Late Cretaceous, were looking for evidence of True Polar Wander. Bacteria fossils forming chains of the mineral, magnetite, offer convincing evidence of true polar wander. The research paper is at www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-23803-8
True polar wander is when the poles drift in a substantial manner. However, the comments are themselves of interest. Jim says the research assumed no expansion of the earth, or subduction come to that. He adds, the poles wander, as do the continents. Continental drift I suppose. Oldman comments, that it is now evident that tectonic rotation did happen – especially in the Mediterranean. They are also apparent in the axial rotations of megalithic enclosures. He goes on to say this is evidence of axial tilt rather than True Polar Wander. Presumably, he is referring to research by CR Sant on Maltese temples. Oldbrew chimes in, a 12 degree tilt 84 million years ago – which was corrected within 5 million years according to the paper. Obviously, further corrections must have occurred later as the tilt is now around 22 degrees.