Staying within a space theme we have astrophysicist Sophie Koudmani taking a fress look at black holes – but not straying too far from consensus ideas. At https://www.livescience.com/space/black-holes/webb-has-shown-us-they-are-clearly-wrong-how-astrophysicist-sophie-koudmanis-research-on-supermassive-black-holes-is-rewriting-the-history-of-our-universe … The assumption, I suppose, is that the James Webb Space Telescope is actually peering at a period shortly after Big Bang. This leads to the question posed by astrophysicist Sophie Koudmani. How did supermassive black holes get so big so fast? We are told that supermassive black holes are gigantic ruptures in space time. They sit in the middle of galaxies, periodically sucking in matter before spitting it out, later. Or, some of it. Since the Webb telescope came online, a year or so ago, it has been finding cosmic monsters, supermassive black holes – up and running long before theory predicted. Not only that but they are ‘shockingly abundant and massive’ – just a few million years after Big Bang. These defy many of the cosmological models, if not all of them, as they contradict ideas on how black holes grow.
Sophie Koudmani says, in the universe, everything is connectedf. Black holes play an important role. They generate a huge amount of energy that is spat out of the region surrounding the black hole – the so called event horizon. That ring of light that has been modelled and distributed across the internet. Like a liquorice all sort – a black circle of liquorice surrounded by a coloured ring of coconut flavoured confection. She says its ‘gravitational potential energy’ is converted into radiation. This, she says, is what makes the gas so hot. She means the plasma – an ionised gas. As it heats up it starts glowing. We are then told the gas ejected by the black hole radiates and stops star formation – and pausing star formation inhibits the growth of galaxies. Or something like that. No mention that hot plasma spewed out of our sun, as observed by the Parker Probe for example, has a quite different way of performing. It too creates cosmic rays.
The energy spewed out of black holes can travel out beyond galaxies and may influence the large scale structure of the universe. in other words, jets of energy, plasma, but much more powerful than anything a single sun can emit. The clouds of gas and dust within working galaxies emit radiation – including X-rays. These are also produced by lightning – or electricity. An interesting read and well worth ploughing through in order to get at the complexities that sometimes flummox consensus cosmology.